Climate justice addresses which aspects?

• A. Distributional equity and procedural equity
• B. Economic efficiency
• C. Technological neutrality
• D. Moral obligation alone

Answer: (A)

Climate justice is about fairness in how climate change and its solutions affect people. It centers on two intertwined ideas: distributional equity, which asks that burdens and benefits are shared more justly across groups—who experiences the risks of climate impacts, who bears the costs of policies, and who gains access to resources like clean energy and adaptation support; and procedural equity, which focuses on whose voices are heard in decision-making, who has actual influence over policies, and how accountability is ensured for those implementing climate actions.

This perspective goes beyond simply maximizing overall welfare (economic efficiency), which can overlook who pays or who benefits. It also recognizes that technology and policy choices are not value-neutral when communities have unequal access or representation, and it connects moral duty to concrete rights, protections, and inclusive processes. So the combination of fair outcomes and fair processes best captures what climate justice is about.